Symptoms and Causes

What are the symptoms of Acanthosis Nigricans?

Signs of this skin condition include:

• Skin tags.
• Itchiness.
• Skin patches that smell bad.
• Raised patches or a velvety texture.
• Black or brown skin patches.

Types of acanthosis nigricans

While seeing these changes in one’s skin can be concerning, it’s vital to remember that there are other types of acanthosis nigricans and that not all cases are cause for concern.

Benign Acanthosis Nigricans
This is the most common type and is usually linked to insulin resistance and obesity. This type is more common in those who are overweight or have a high body mass index (BMI). It typically shows up on the groin, armpits, neck, or other places with skin folds.

Malignant Acanthosis Nigricans
Rarely, acanthosis nigricans may indicate an underlying cancer, most frequently gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. It’s crucial to see a doctor to rule out any dangerous underlying illnesses if someone experiences an abrupt onset or quick changes in their skin.

What causes acanthosis nigricans?

Acanthosis Nigricans can have many causes, including:

• Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: One of the main causes of acanthosis nigricans is insulin resistance, which occurs when the body does not respond properly to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. High insulin situations stimulate skin cells, causing abnormal growth and darkening. This is frequently seen in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
• Hormonal diseases: Certain hormonal diseases, such as thyroid problems or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can also contribute to the development of acanthosis nigricans. These conditions disrupt hormone balance in the body, leading to changes in the skin.
• Obesity and metabolic syndrome: rotundity and metabolic pattern are nearly linked to insulin resistance and can be significant contributors to acanthosis nigricans. Increased fat apkins can lead to insulin resistance, further aggravating the condition.
• Medications and supplements: Some medications and supplements have been associated with the development of acanthosis nigricans. These include oral contraceptives or high-dose niacin, among others. However, it’s important to speak with a croaker about implicit druthers, if one suspects that a drug may be causing this condition.
• Inheritable factors: In some cases, acanthosis nigricans can be heritable or associated with certain inheritable syndromes. However, it’s important to be apprehensive of the implicit threat if one has a family history of the condition or is diagnosed with an inherited pattern.
•  Other underlying health conditions: Acanthosis nigricans can also be a symptom of other underlying health conditions. These include Addison’s complaint, certain cancers, or pituitary gland diseases. It’s pivotal to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the cause and applicable treatment for one’s specific case.

Diagnosis of Acanthosis Nigricans

If any changes are seen in one’s skin, it is critical to see a doctor for a proper diagnosis. The following are the diagnostic procedures used for Acanthosis Nigricans:

• Visual Examination: A healthcare professional will visually examine the skin changes and their distribution. They will search for the classic symptoms of acanthosis nigricans, such as dark and velvety patches.
• Biopsy: A biopsy can be required in certain circumstances to confirm the diagnosis. A tiny sample of the afflicted skin is removed during a biopsy and inspected under a microscope. This enables the medical practitioner to ascertain whether any characteristics are indicative of acanthosis nigricans.
• Blood tests: Blood testing may be advised to assess insulin levels and look for underlying medical issues like diabetes. Any hormonal abnormalities or metabolic conditions that might be causing acanthosis nigricans can be found with the aid of these tests.